Seven Deadly Innocent Frauds of Economic Policy
- Deadly Innocent Fraud #1: The federal government must raise funds
through taxation or borrowing in order to spend. In other words, government
spending is limited by its ability to tax or borrow.
Fact: Federal government spending is in no case operationally constrained by revenues, meaning
that there is no “solvency risk.” In other words, the federal government can always make any and all payments in its own currency, no matter how large the deficit is, or how few taxes it collects. - Deadly Innocent Fraud #2: With government deficits, we are leaving
our debt burden to our children.
Fact: Collectively, in real terms, there is no such burden possible. Debt or no debt, our children get to consume whatever they can produce. - Deadly Innocent Fraud #3: Federal Government budget deficits take
away savings.
Fact: Federal Government budget deficits ADD to savings. - Deadly Innocent Fraud #4: Social Security is broken.
Fact: Federal Government Checks Don’t Bounce. - Deadly Innocent Fraud #5: The trade deficit is an unsustainable
imbalance that takes away jobs and output.
Facts: Imports are real benefits and exports are real costs. Trade deficits directly improve our standard of living. Jobs are lost because taxes are too high for a given level of government spending, not because of imports. - Deadly Innocent Fraud #6:
We need savings to provide the funds for investment.
Fact: Investment adds to savings. - Deadly Innocent Fraud #7:
It’s a bad thing that higher deficits today mean higher taxes tomorrow.
Fact:
I agree - the innocent fraud is that it’s a bad thing, when in fact it’s a good thing!!!
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Rating Europe's Banks
Moody's Investors Service has been reviewing since February 2012 the credit ratings of more than 100 European banks for possible downgrade. The graphic below tracks Moody’s long-term debt ratings for the largest of these banks. Banks are sized by total assets. Shading indicates the bank’s credit rating — the deeper the red, the lower the rating.
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