A remarkably gloomy assessment of the world economy - Ms Lagarde warned that urgent action is required to stave off the threat of global recession and another credit crisis. Sounding a stark warning to stronger European countries such as Britain and Germany, the new IMF chief said: "We could easily see the further spread of economic weakness to core countries, or even a debilitating liquidity crisis." To reduce these risks, she called for "substantial" and mandatory recapitalisation to bolster European banks' balance sheets, which will be "key to cutting the chains of contagion". Ms Lagarde, who was speaking at the US Federal Reserve's annual forum at Jackson Hole, said the recapitalisation should first be financed through private channels, but could also be sourced from a Europe-wide bail-out fund. "Developments this summer have indicated we are in a dangerous new phase. The stakes are clear. We risk seeing the fragile recovery derailed. So we must act now," she said. Put simply, macroeconomic policies must support growth. Monetary policy also should remain highly accommodative, as the risk of recession outweighs the risk of inflation." Ms Lagarde's comments risk creating new panic about the funding levels and financial stability of European banks. There have been concerns that lending between banks has started drying up over recent weeks, which was a key sign of the "credit crisis" in 2008.
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A day earlier the Bundesbank had fired its own volley, condemning the ECB's bond purchases and warning the EU is drifting towards debt union without "democratic legitimacy" or treaty backing.
Joahannes Singhammer, leader of the CSU's Bundestag group, accused the ECB of acting "dangerously" by jumping the gun before parliaments had voted. The ECB is implicitly acting on behalf of the rescue fund until it is ratified.
A CSU document to be released on Monday flatly rebuts the latest accord between Chancellor Merkel and French president Nicholas Sarkozy, saying plans for an "economic government for eurozone states" are unacceptable. It demands treaty changes to let EMU states go bankrupt, and to eject them from the euro altogether for serial abuses.
"An unlimited transfer union and pooling of debts for any length of time would imply a shared financial government and decisively change the character of a European confederation of states," said the draft, obtained by Der Spiegel.
Mrs Merkel faces mutiny even within her own Christian Democrat (CDU) family. Wolfgang Bossbach, the spokesman for internal affairs, said he would oppose the package. "I can't vote against my own conviction," he said.
The Bundestag is expected to decide late next month on the package, which empowers the EFSF to buy bonds pre-emptively and recapitalize banks. While the bill is likely to pass, the furious debate leaves no doubt that Germany will resist moves to boost the EFSF's firepower yet further. Most City banks say the fund needs €2 trillion to stop the crisis engulfing Spain and Italy.
Mrs Merkel's aides say she is facing "war on every front". The next month will decide her future, Germany's destiny, and the fate of monetary union.
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